Water-tube boiler.



No. 695,64I. Patented Mar. I8, |902. F. G. HAMPSCUN.

' WATER TUIBE BDILEB.

(Application filed June 4, 1901.\

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(Application Bled'J'une 4, 1901.)

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No. 695,64l. Patented Mar. I8, |902.

F. G. HAMPSN.

WATER TUBE BlILER.A

(Application led JuneA, 1901.)

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` rg F. G. HAMPSON.

WATER TUBE BOILER.

(Application Bled June 4, 19 01.\ y (No Model.) l v 7$heets$heet 5.

Patented mar. 43,1902.

Patented Mar.' 18, 1902.

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No. '695,64l. Patented nar. I8-, |902. f

F. G. HAMPSON.

4WATER TUBE BOILEB.

(Applhion lod June 4, 1901 (no Model.) 47 sheets-sheet 7.

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UNITED STAT-Es PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK GEORGEI-IAMPSON, OFCLAPHAM, ENGLAND.

WTER-TUBEBOILER.

srEcIFIcATroN forming part of Lettersratent No. 695,641, natedflvrarch 1s, 1902.

vApplica tion filed June 4, 1 901.

for Letters Patent in Great Britain,under No.

3,497, dated February 18, 1901,) of which the following is aspecifcation.

This invention relates to steam-generatorsl of the water-tube type and composed of any desired numberof elements inclosed in a3 suitable casing, with doors andotheriittings and accessories, such as may be necessary. Each element comprises at topland bottom and also at one or kmore points -betwek-n the top and bottom a series of horizontal ,or inclined tubes or manifolds. All the bottom manifolds are preferablyconnected atene end with the feed-water collector or supply and the top manifolds with the'steam-drum, which in some cases mayalso 4kbe the feedwater collector. Preferably each horizontal manifold has its own connecting boXor chamber opening into the steam-drum andsecured thereto by two bolts or screws, sev that upon removing these and similar screws connecting the connecting-chamber of the bottom manifold with the feed-water tube the whole element may be bodily removed from the boiler or casing for examination or repair.` The furnace is placed underneath the bottom row of horizontal manifolds, the products of combustion proceeding first to the back end of the furnace,.then up between the previously-mentioned manifolds, then back to the front underneath the intermediate horizontal manifolds, then passing up between these latter manifolds proceed again to the back, where they escape to the chimney, the number of turns depending upon the number of intermediate horizontal manifolds. In order -to prevent the hot gases from escaping upward or direct to the chimney between the horizontal manifolds,- the spaces between these latter are closed, excepting for a shorty distance at their ends. -This may be effected either by special saddle-shaped bricks placed between the horizontal manifolds inclosing .the spaces between them or by so spacing the horizontal manifolds that they'approXil senti No. 63,131. `Y on atan.)

mately-touch each other, any insignificantspace. between them being, if desired,l closed with fire-clay or the like. When the mani folds are arranged to touch each other, theirA ends are reduced in diameter or attened, vso

as to provide' the necessary space between them for the passage of thegases. f In some cases this may bel effected by shortening the 6o manifolds andtallowing the gases to pass over their ends. The horizontal manifolds Vare connected by small-diameter water-tubes extending upward to the next horizontal tube. These vertical manifolds are preferably ar-A v ranged in pairs lying in the same transverse vertical plane,but twisted -so as to cross each other several times, whereby their` length is increased. These small manifolds .all enter rhelhorizontai manifolds. .The baekanaif 70,

desired, the vsides of the boiler arev composed of walls formed of these's'rnall Water-tubes.

connected with the rest of the boiler in any convenient manner.

Any'convenient arrangement of headers, 75

downcomer-tube's, mud-collectors, dac., may

be usedy either insideorou-tside the' boiler. v

casing.'r l' i y In some cases instead lof making the small Water-tubes in serpentine form Il may make 8o'- l them approximately straight, bending their ,y

endsA slightly lwhere they enter thefhor'izontal manifolds, the small tubes running parallel to each other or arranged so as toappear to cross each other when an element is viewed inend*l elevation. 5 n p i For the purpose,ofdistributing the` gases I may mount on the tubes by shrinking or other` .wise a series of circular plates of suitable metal. I may also dispose the element so that 9o .the horizontal manifolds may b e vertical and the vertical small. tubes be horizontal or vat any angle. f

Referring to the drawings, Figure lis' aseo-y tional side elevation, and Fig. 2 anfe'nd eleva- 95 tion, partly in section, of a generator .consV structed -according'to my invention. Fig'..i3j:A is an end elevation, and IFig. 4 a`side,elevay tion, yof a modified construction .of horizontal manifolds. constructions of the members of the generator. Figs. 8, 9, and 10 are diagrammatic viewsl of modified constructions of the pipe connections for each element. Fig. 11 shows Figs. 5, 6, and .'7 show modified -Ioc manner.

' the products of combustion.

a modified construction of manifolds. Fig. 12 is a longitudinal section of a modifie-d form of feed-water pipe or drum.

A represents the top horizontal manifolds, B the bottom horizontal manifolds, and C the intermediate horizontal manifolds.

The tubes forming the boiler are inclosed in a casing I), and each tube of the top row or series is provided with a separate connecting box or chamber A', by means of which they communicate with the steamdrum E. The connecting-boxes are shown xed to the steam-drum by means of bolts E', but they may be fixed thereto in any appropriate manner. The feed-Water pipe F is disposed beneath the bottom series or row of manifolds B, each of which manifolds communicates With the feed-pipe through al separate connecting box or chamber B', attached to the feed-pipe by bolts F or otherwise.

The spaces between the adjacent manifolds A, B, or C are closed by fire-bricks G or other material, excepting for t Short distanceat the inner end of the manifolds A and BV and at the outer end of theA manifolds C, Where short spaces A2 B2 C, respectively, are left toallow the products of combustion to pass up between the manifolds at these parts, or, as shown at Figs. 3 and 4, the ends of thefmanifolds may be flattened, as at C2, so as to leave spacesfor theproducts ofcombustion topass;

upbetween them. I may also, as shown in Fig. 1l, form the horizontal manifoldsA A, B, or C with flattened portions or portions of decreased diameter A BX CX at, one or more,

points 4intermediate of their ends to allow part of the heating-gases or products of comhustion` to pass up between them at these. points.

The water enters the manifolds B from they feed-water pipe F and passes upV into the manifolds C by means of a series of Watertuubesl-I, the upper ends of which are con.- nected to the manifolds C and their lower endsto the manifolds B in any appropriateV A similar seriesof Water-tubes I isI connected to the manifolds C and A to allow the water from the manifolds C to pass intoA the manifolds A. The water in passing fromA the` manifolds B to the manifolds C and A` through thetubes I-I and I becomes converted; into steam, which passes from the manifolds A tothesteam-drum, E. As shown in Fig. 2,

the water-tubes Hand I are arranged in pairsA fone end of the horizontal manifolds,`as above and cross each other at various points in suchi a manner `as to leave spaces between them for,

In order to insure that all the vertical pipes H may be equally supplied with water, I ar- 1-ange, as shown in Fig. l2, in the horizontal pipes B internal feed-water pipes b, having.

openings or perforations so arranged that they deliver the feed-water to the said vertical pipes at points in the length of the pipes A corresponding to the vertical pipes.

Additional heating-surface is provided in the generator by means of watcr-tubes .I J

J2, arranged at the sides and back of the aforesaid elements. The feed-water from the source of supply enters at the lower ends of the tubes J at one side of the generator by afeed-pipe J3, and after passing through these vtubes enters the tubes J' at the inner end of the generator through the pipe J 1, thereafter passing into the tubes J2 at the other side of the generator. From the pipes J 2 the water is conveyed by means of pipes J5 J to the drum E. The water next passes from the drum E by the pipes K to the feed-pipe F, which communicates with the manifolds B, as aforesaid.

In the modified arrangement illustrated in Fig. 8 the connecting-box A of each element is bolted, as at A3, to the lower part of the steam -drum. A pipe A4, communicating ,with the box A', extends for a considerable 1 distance into the steam-,drum and is divided `vertically into two chambers A5 A6 by a diaphragm A7, which also divides the tube Ainto manifold parts. The steam passes from the manifold A through the chamber A5 andA enters the upper part of the steam-drum, and any Water of condensation falls to the bottom `of the drum and is carried away to the horizontal manifolds along with the feed-water ithrough the chamber AG, which is partly cut away or provided with` an opening whereit enters the drum. In this arrangement the pipes K are dispensed with and the feed is onyeyed to the horizontal manifold B or C 'by such of the vertical manifolds as are in i communicatonwith the steam-drum through lthe chamber AG. The manifold A is divided longitudinally by a diaphragm or partition AS, which extends from the diaphragm A7 1to within a short distance of the opposite ',end of the manifold A, thereby preventing 'steam from entering the drum straight from the tubes I and causing it to circulate in the manner indicated bythe arrows on the drawings, or, as illustratedinA Fig. 9, I may ljdispense with the diaphragm A7 and employ the pipe A4 entirely for admitting the steam to the drum. In this case I convey the feed- Qwater and `water ofcondensation from the Ilower part of the drum to the manifold B of lieach element by means of pipes K', or I may connect the pipes K to the feed-pipe F, in which case one pipe K may be sufficient for the entire generator.

Instead of disposing the steam-drum near `described, I may, as shown in Fig. lO, arrange 'fthe drum at or near the middle of the horiizontal manifolds and suspend each element from the drum in any convenient manner. In order to cause an equaldistribution of the feed-water tothe elements, I arrange at each `side of the pipe A4 tubes K2, which commu- `nicate with the lower part of the drum and extend along the manifold A in both direcend of the manifold A. The Water is then led to the lower part of the element by the Itions, so as to deliver the feedwater at each IOO ' in Fig. 6.V

vertical tubes I and H- at each end of the ele-K1. ment and the steam generated in the element passes up the central tubes andA enters the drum by the pipe A4, as in the previous ar,

v drum, a feed-water pipe or drum, connections rangement.

The products ofcombustion'or heating-y gases are directed against the under side of? the bottom series of manifolds by the fire-'v bridge L, as shown by the arrows in Fig*I 1.-

At the inner end of these manifolds the gases pass up through the spaces B2 and are led to the front of the boiler between the rows of manifolds B 'and C. Passing up through the spaces C between the manifolds C they travell between the rows of manifolds B and A to` the inner ends of the latter manifolds and up through the spaces A2 between the manifolds to the chimney D.

The front of the casingr gD is closed by al hinged door D2, which is large enough to per-g mit any of the elements or members of the generator to be disconnected and removed from the casing for examination or other purposes.

Downcomertnbes may, if desired, be connected in any convenient manner to each ofA Mud-collectors M are attached` to the lowerends'of the tubes K and are pro# the elements.

vided with blow-'o cocks M.

O isa baille-plate disposed in the upper. part of the steam-drum to prevent the steam,E 'escaping from the drum straight from the pipes and causingitto circulate, 'as shownv by the arrow.

. P is a water-gage for indicating the water` level in the elements when the boiler is working, so that there is no body of water in the steam-drum, but when the generator is so working that there is a body of water in the drinn, as shown in the drawings, the level of the water is indicated 'by the gage Q.'

Instead of arranging the water-tubes G and H inv serpent-ine'form, as shown in Figs. 1' and 2, they may be arranged approximately straight and have their ends'tsee'Fig. 5) bent whereV they are connected tothe horizontal manifolds, or these tubesmayy be Varranged in planes intersectingeach other, as shown In order to distribute the heating-gases or products of. combustion more equally, I attach to the tubes in any appropriate manner a series of defiecting or' baffle plates N, as

. shown in Fig.' 7. 55.

I have described my invention as employed for steamgenerating; but I Wish it to be 'understood'that'l do not limit myself to the use of the removable element to such, as 'it will be obvious that they may be employed as feed- 'water heaters', steam-superheaters, evaporators, and economizers, and I do not Wish to limit myself to the precise details of arrangement, construction,'and connections of the parts, las these may be modified without departing from my'invention'. l What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-`- v l'. In a steam-generator the combination of k a series of removable elements comprising upper lower and intermediate manifolds con` nected together by vertical tubes ct, of a steambetween the upper part of each element and the steam-drum and between the lower part of each element and the feed-water pipe, the connections bein g such that each element can `readily be detached and removed from the generator.

2. In a steam-generator .the combination with a series of separateand removable elements comprising upper, lower and in'termes mu nicating with the feed-water pipe an intermediate manifold and tubes connecting the intermediate manifold withthe end manifolds,

substantially as described.

4. Ina steam-generator thecombinationwith a removable element, of a steamfdrum, a feed-water pipe or drum, an end manifold communicating with the steam-drum', anA end manifold communicating with the feed-water pipe,an intermediate manifold,and tubes conv nectingthe intermediate with the end manifolds substantially asdescribed. s A l 5. .In a removable element'for a steam-generator the combination of fan upper manifold, v

IOO

a lower manifold, an intermediate manifold.,-` Y

and'of vertical tubes connecting the intermediate with the upper and lower manifolds.-4

v6. In Ya steam-generatorythe combination with a removable element, of an upper mani- IIO fold a lower manifold, an-int'ermediate manifl -A fold, vertical tubes connecting the upperand lower manifolds with the intermediate manifold, a steam-drum, a feed-water pipe, a con# duit between the upper-manifold tube and the steam-drum, a conduit between the lower manifold and the feed-watef pipe and a conduit between the vsteam-drum and the feedt' v'7; In a steam-.generator the combination Witha removable element ofan upper mani.

fold, a lower manifold ,an intermediate manifold, vertical tubes connecting the upper and lower manifolds with the intermediate one,

a steam-drum, a feed-water pipe, agchamber connecting the upper manifold and the steam,i 4

drum, a chamber connecting the lower-'manifold tube and the feed-water pipe and a con duit'between the steam-drum and the feedwater pipe. i

8. In a` steam-generator the combination with a removable element, of an upper'vmanifold, -a lowermanifold, an intermediate manilugo fold, vertical tubes connecting the upper and lower manifolds with the intermediate manifold, a steam-drum, a feed-Water pipe, a conduit between the upper manifold and the steamdrum, a conduit between the lower manifold and the feed-water pipe and a pipe for conveying the feed-water from the steamdrum to the lower part of the element substantially as described.

9. In a removable element the combination of an upper manifold, a lower manifold, an intermediate manifold vertical tubes connecting the intermediate manifold with the top and bottom manifolds a steam-drum, a feedwater pipe or drum and a tube connecting the lower part of the steam-drum with the lower part of the element substantially as described.

l0. In a steam-generator the combination with a removable element of an upper manifold, a lower manifold, an intermediate manifold, Vertical tubes connecting the upper and lower manifolds with the intermediate manifold, a steam-drum, a feed-water pipe, a conduit between the upper manifold and the steam-drum, a conduit between the lower manifold and the feed-water pipe, a pipe connectin g the lower part of the steam-dru 1n with the feed-water pipe of the element and a mudcollector substantially as described.

11. In a steam-generator the combination with a removable element of an upper manifold, a lower manifold, an intermediate manifold, vertical tubes connecting the upper and lower manifolds with the intermediate manifold,a steam-drum, a feed-water pipe, a conduit between the upper manifold and the steam-drum, a conduit between the lower manifold and the feed-water pipe, a pipe connecting the lower part of the steam-drum with the feed-water pipe of the element and portions on the manifolds having decreased diameter to permit the heating-gases to pass between adjacent manifolds substantially as described.

12. In a steam-generator the combination with a removable element of 'an upper manifold, a lower manifold, an intermediate manifold, vertical tubes connecting the upper and lower manifolds with the intermediate manifold, a steam-drum, a feed-water pipe, a conduit between `the upper manifold and the steam drum, a conduit between the lower manifold and the feed-water pipe, a pipe connecting the lower part of the steam-drum with the feed water pipe of the element, stoppieces between the manifolds and of portions of reduced diameter at the ends of the manifolds.

13. In a steam-generator the Acombination with a removable element of an upper manifold, a lowermanifold, an intermediate manifold, vertical tubes connecting the upper and lower manifolds with the intermediate manifold, a steam-drum, a feed-water pipe, a conduit between the upper manifold and the steam drum, a conduit between the lower manifold and the feed-water pipe, a pipe connecting the lower part of the steam-drum with the feed-water pipe of the element and stop-pieces between the manifolds.

14.. In a removable element for a steamgenerator the combination of an uppermanifold, of a lower manifold, of an intermediate manifold, of vertical tubes connecting the intermediate manifold with the top and bottom manifolds, a divided pipe one part of which communicates with the top manifold and with the upper part of the steam-drum, and the other part with the lower part of the steamdrum and some of the vertical tubes, of a horizontal diaphragm in the upper manifold, substantially as and for the purpose described.

16. In a steam-generator the combination with the removable elements the feed-water pipe and the steam-drum, of vertical heating-tubes at the back and at each side of the elements, and communicating with the feedwater supply and through which the water circulates before entering the steam-drum to pass to the elements substantially as described.

17. In a steam-generator the combination with the removable elements the feed-water pipe and the steam-drum, of vertical heating-tubes at the back and at each side of the elements, a pipe connecting the heating-pipes with the feed-water pipe, a conduit between the heating-tubes and the steam-drum, and a pipe for conveying the water from the steam-drum to the feed-pipe of the elements substantially as described.

1S. In a steam-generator the combination with a removable element of an upper manifold, a lower manifold, an intermediate manifold, vertical tubes connecting the upper and lower manifolds with the intermediate manifold, a steam-drum, a feed-Water pipe, a conduit between the upper tube and the steamdrum, a conduit between the lower tube and the feed-water pipe, a pipe connecting the lower part of the steam-drum with the feedwater pipe of the element and defiecting plates on the vertical tubes as and for the purpose described.

19. In a steam-generator the combination with removable elements the feed-waterpipe, the steam-drum and Vertical heating-tubes at the back and at each side of the elements, of a pipe connecting the heating-tubes with the ICD IIO

steam-drum a pipe conveying the. water from the steam-drum to the feed-pipe of the elements, a bafe-plate in the steam-drum Varranged in the manner and for the purpose described.

20. In a steam-generator the combination with a removable element, of an upper manifold, a lower manifold an intermediate manifold, vertical tubes connecting the upper and lower manifolds with the intermediate manifold, a steam-drum, a feed-water pipe, a conduit between the upper manifold and the steam-drum, a conduit between the lower manifold and the feed-water pipe, a pipe con- Vnecting the lower part of the steam-drum with the feed-water pipe of the element, stoppieces between the horizontal pipes of a highlevel water-gage and of a low-level water-gage.

2l. In. a steam-generator the combination with a removable element, of an upper manifold, a lower manifold, an intermediate manifold, vertical tubes connecting the upperand` lower'manifolds with the intermediate manifold, a steam-drum, a feed-water pipe, aconduit between the upper manifold and the steam-drum, a conduit between the lower manifold and the feed-water pipe, a pipe con.-

nectin g the lower part of the steam-d rum with the feed-Water pipe of the element, a highlevel water-gage and a low-level water-gage.

22. In a steam-generator the combination with a removable element, of an upper mani fold, alower manifold, an intermediate manifold, verticaltubes connecting theupper and lower manifolds with the intermediate mani fold, a steam-drum, a feed-water pipe, a conduit between the upper manifold and the steam-drum, a conduit between the lower` manifold and the feed-water pipe, a pipe connecting'the lower part of the steam-drum with the feed-water pipe of the'element,stoppieces between the horizontal pipes, a high-level water-gage, a low-level water-gage, and a furnace beneath the bottom manifolds.

23. In a steam-generator the combination with a removable element, of an upper manifold, a lower manifold, an intermediate manifold, vertical tubes connecting the upper and lower manifolds with the intermediate manifold, a steam-drum, a feed-water pipe, a conduit between the upper. manifold and the steam-drum, a conduit between the lower manifoldand the feed-water pipe, a pipe connecting the lower part of the steam-drum with the feed-water pipe of the element,stoppieces between the horizontal pipes, a high-level water-gage, a low-level water-gage, a furnace be neath thebottom horizontal tubes, a surrounding casing inclosing the tubes and doors on said casing. i

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANK GEORGE HAM PS-ON.

Witnesses:

HAROLD WADE, HARRY B. BRIDGE. 

